الصفحة الرئيسية - محمود يوسف بكير - كاتب وباحث في الشئون الاقتصادية والإنسانية - في حوار مفتوح مع القراء والقارئات حول: بعض أفكار ماركس وهل تصلح للتطبيق وكعلاج لمشاكل الرأسمالية. / محمود يوسف بكير - أرشيف التعليقات - العمل المأجور - 1 - عبد الحسين سلمان

العمل المأجور - 1 - عبد الحسين سلمان

- العمل المأجور - 1

العدد: 810552

عبد الحسين سلمان

2020 / 1 / 28 - 21:28
التحكم: الكاتب-ة

يقول السيد النمري في تعليق رقم 152

ليس كل عامل بالأجر يخلق قيمة

وهذا دليل وبرهان جديد على ان السيد النمري لم يقرأ ماركس بل قرأ الكتب المبسطة والتي روجت لها ماكنة الاعلام السوفيتي

لعمل المأجور , Wage labour :
هو الخاصية المهمة و الأولى لنمط الإنتاج الراسمالي, سواء كان تجارياً, المركنتيلية , Mercantilism , او اقتصاد السوق الحر ( الليبرالية الكلاسيكية), او اقتصاد السوق الاجتماعي Soziale Marktwirtschaft , او رأسمالية الدولة

كتب ماركس في Wage Labour and Capital 1847
Wages, therefore, are not a share of the worker in the commodities produced by himself. Wages are that part of already existing commodities with which the capitalist buys a certain amount of productive labour-power.

Consequently, labour-power is a commodity which its possessor, the wage-worker, sells to the capitalist. Why does he sell it? It is in order to live.

But the putting of labour-power into action – i.e., the work – is the active expression of the labourers own life. And this life activity he sells to another person in order to secure the necessary means of life. His life-activity, therefore, is but a means of securing his own existence. He works that he may keep alive. He does not count the labour itself as a part of his life-;- it is rather a sacrifice of his life. It is a commodity that he has auctioned off to another. The product of his activity, therefore, is not the aim of his activity. What he produces for himself is not the silk that he weaves, not the gold that he draws up the mining shaft, not the palace that he builds. What he produces for himself is wages-;- and the silk, the gold, and the palace are resolved for him into a certain quantity of necessaries of life, perhaps into a cotton jacket, into copper coins, and into a basement dwelling. And the labourer who for 12 hours long, weaves, spins, bores, turns, builds, shovels, breaks stone, carries hods, and so on – is this 12 hours weaving, spinning, boring, turning, building, shovelling, stone-breaking, regarded by him as a manifestation of life, as life? Quite the contrary. Life for him begins where this activity ceases, at the table, at the tavern, in bed. The 12 hours work, on the other hand, has no meaning for him as weaving, spinning, boring, and so on, but only as earnings, which enable him to sit down at a table, to take his seat in the tavern, and to lie down in a bed. If the silk-worms object in spinning were to prolong its existence as caterpillar, it would be a perfect example of a wage-worker.

Labour-power was not always a commodity (merchandise). Labour was not always wage-labour, i.e., free labour. The slave did not sell his labour-power to the slave-owner, any more than the ox sells his labour to the farmer. The slave, together with his labour-power, was sold to his owner once for all. He is a commodity that can pass from the hand of one owner to that of another. He himself is a commodity, but his labour-power is not his commodity. The serf sells only a portion of his labour-power. It is not he who receives wages from the owner of the land-;- it is rather the owner of the land who receives a tribute from him. The serf belongs to the soil, and to the lord of the soil he brings its fruit. The free labourer, on the other hand, sells his very self, and that by fractions. He auctions off eight, 10, 12, 15 hours of his life, one day like the next, to the highest bidder, to the owner of raw materials, tools, and the means of life – i.e., to the capitalist. The labourer belongs neither to an owner nor to the soil, but eight, 10, 12, 15 hours of his daily life belong to whomsoever buys them. The worker leaves the capitalist, to whom he has sold himself, as often as he chooses, and the capitalist discharges him as often as he sees fit, as soon as he no longer gets any use,´-or-not the required use, out of him. But the worker, whose only source of income is the sale of his labour-power, cannot leave the whole class of buyers, i.e., the capitalist class, unless he gives up his own existence. He does not belong to this´-or-that capitalist, but to the capitalist class-;- and it is for him to find his man – i.e., to find a buyer in this capitalist class.

المصدر
https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1847/wage-labour/ch02.htm

والنص العربي في التعليق القادم

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محمود يوسف بكير - كاتب وباحث في الشئون الاقتصادية والإنسانية - في حوار مفتوح مع القراء والقارئات حول: بعض أفكار ماركس وهل تصلح للتطبيق وكعلاج لمشاكل الرأسمالية. / محمود يوسف بكير