Reasons for the weak outputs of scientific research in Arab universities

Universities in most Arab countries are still newly established institutions. Although during this period, it achieved an advanced scientific leap in education, it did not reach the desired impact on the goals of higher education, especially scientific research.
Arab universities have achieved the required amount of specialists and specialists for the Arab community, but they have not been able to achieve quality, although some qualitative achievements in this field have sometimes emerged on the scene, but they have not departed from being a continuation of the stages of education that preceded them in terms of outputs and goals achieved. Arab universities have not been able to achieve the required scientific research and establish specialized research centers in various sciences, especially humanities and social sciences.
Reasons prevent Arab universities from achieving their desired goals:
Thereasons that prevent the achievement of the desired goals of Arab universities are-limit-ed to two main -dir-ections:
I - General reasons:
Which is related to the policy of Arab universities and their orientations, the modernity of universities in the Arab world necessitated a focus on teaching and not giving the required attention to scientific research, in addition to not linking scientific research to comprehensive development plans, as universities and Arab educational institutions tend in the majority of their research towards research in purely theoretical concepts. Most of the research is also concentrated in it to serve the researcher, so it comes as a continuation of obtaining a new certificate´-or-for the purposes of academic and career promotions.
Lack of scientific research requirements in most Arab universities, information centers, human elements, and computer services. This is accompanied by a lack of administrative, legislative and organizational matters due to the lack of a well-thought-out program of research priorities and fields, the lack of regulations and agreements for communication between Arab research centers, the difficulty of marketing research, the heavy teaching load imposed on the faculty member and the lack of a plan for coordination between research and researchers. In addition, there is not enough interest in the presence of scientists and researchers in scientific conferences, and the lack of an appropriate scientific climate within the universities themselves, in addition to the weakness of research cooperation with foreign universities, especially European ones. This leads to hindering the intellectual and cognitive transition between Europe and the Arab world and between Arab universities and European universities.
II - special reasons:
It is related to the scientific research method and its employees, foremost of which is the small number of researchers and their poor productivity, and the lack of appropriate conditions for scientists and researchers, which led to the emergence of conditions that do not help´-or-encourage faculty members in Arab universities to conduct scientific research, including the lack of Arab and foreign scientific references and the small amounts allocated to scientific research in higher education budgets in most Arab universities compared to what similar universities allocate in developed countries. (The amounts spent on scientific research in the Arab countries do not exceed 0.5 percent of national income, while developed countries spend more than 2% of their national income on civil research alone.
Perhaps the most dangerous task of the university is the task of scientific research, as the university is the institution entrusted with keeping pace with scientific progress in the world and working to adapt and absorb it and conduct research and studies in various fields of knowledge, but scientific research in Arab universities, both research in the field of humanities and social sciences and research in the exact´-or-applied sciences, does not receive sufficient attention, whether in terms of budgets allocated to it, in terms of organization,´-or-in terms of research requirements, care for minds and creativity in the Arab world.
Prof. Dr Moustafa El-Abdallah Al Kafry
Wydział-;- Ekonomii - Uniwersytet w Damaszku

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